ParticleQuest
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THE PARTICLEQUEST LEARNING LIBRARY

Untangle the differences

Compare the particles learners mix up most. Look at what changes in the same situation, then check your understanding with a short practice question.

Watercolor illustration of two friends having coffee in a Japanese neighborhood café

5 guides to explore

は / が
Untangle the differences6 min read

は vs が: topic, subject, and what you want to say

Learn when to use wa and ga with introductions, “who?” questions, contrast, and examples that show why context matters.

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に / で
Untangle the differences6 min read

に vs で: where something is, or where you do it

Choose ni or de by looking at the verb. Compare being at a café, studying there, destinations, and the means of travel.

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を / に
Untangle the differences5 min read

を vs に: objects, destinations, and getting on a train

Understand o and ni with food, giving, movement, and the useful pair 電車に乗る and 電車を降りる.

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に / へ
Untangle the differences4 min read

に vs へ: destination and direction in Japanese

See when ni and e both work with 行く, 来る, and 帰る, and why you cannot replace every に with へ.

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と / や
Untangle the differences4 min read

と vs や: complete lists, examples, and companions

Learn Japanese noun lists with to and ya, compare shopping examples, and see why “with a friend” uses と.

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一歩ずつ。

Read it. Then make it yours.

Put your understanding to work with eight everyday questions.

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